I will do my absolute best in answering your questions =). I admit from a scholarly stand point, my answers might be flawed.
What is the trinity?
It is the idea that God is one being made up of three equally co-existing beings/persons/spirits/etc: The father, the son (Jesus), and the holy spirit.
Could you describe how you relate to Jesus through love? Is it when you show love to those around you? Is it when you show love to Jesus?
This is a very hard question for me to answer. I will not speak for all Christians in this answer, but for myself.
Simple version of what being a Christian means to me:
1) I am flawed and I cannot be perfect on my own merits.
2) I have to depend on Jesus to be perfect.
3) Everything good and perfect including anything I have accomplished or had success with is due to Jesus. All glory goes there.
4) There is no such thing as a good Christian or a bad Christian, there is just Christian. Everyone will make mistakes and it is through God we learn and grow from those mistakes. People do not just turn 180 degrees. Meaning, let's say you want stop using drugs. Most people just do not go cold turkey and succeed.
5) If you claim to be a Christian that is between you and God, I can only judge your acts but not your intentions or character.
6) I am a hypocrite [added this with last edit].
Based off that:
Jesus is love. Meaning if you believe in love then you believe in Jesus. If you believe in Jesus then you believe in love. This also means Love is perfect.
I believe Jesus came to the earth as a man and the son of God; however, I do not view Jesus in such a tangible way. People who have never heard of Jesus can still believe in him, and that is through love.
Love is explained in Corinthians 13 (This is the NIV translation):
1 If I speak in the tongues[a] of men or of angels, but do not have love, I am only a resounding gong or a clanging cymbal. 2 If I have the gift of prophecy and can fathom all mysteries and all knowledge, and if I have a faith that can move mountains, but do not have love, I am nothing. 3 If I give all I possess to the poor and give over my body to hardship that I may boast, but do not have love, I gain nothing.
4 Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. 5 It does not dishonor others, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs. 6 Love does not delight in evil but rejoices with the truth. 7 It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, always perseveres.
8 Love never fails. But where there are prophecies, they will cease; where there are tongues, they will be stilled; where there is knowledge, it will pass away. 9 For we know in part and we prophesy in part, 10 but when completeness comes, what is in part disappears. 11 When I was a child, I talked like a child, I thought like a child, I reasoned like a child. When I became a man, I put the ways of childhood behind me. 12 For now we see only a reflection as in a mirror; then we shall see face to face. Now I know in part; then I shall know fully, even as I am fully known.
13 And now these three remain: faith, hope and love. But the greatest of these is love.
The above, from a human perspective is unrealistic to accomplish because you have to apply this to everyone even those who have hurt you badly. My answer to accomplish the above: Love is a choice in the end. I choose to love everyone, not just feel it. Just like I choose to have faith in God and put my life in God's hands. I cannot fully understand Love/God, but I can choose to take these paths.
When I show people love I show people Jesus.
I apologize for the explanation, this the best I could do =/. In no way do I want to force this viewpoint on anyone, this is just what I believe. If I were to force this view then it wouldn't be love =).
Lastly, since you think it's impossible to discuss "the complexity of this world," as you put it, what do you think we can do to do the best possible job to understand these spiritual complexities?
Another tough thoughtful question =). I am not sure if I have a good answer to it, but here is an answer:
An individual needs to come to their own conclusions, explanations, and decisions.
A society needs to share and respect their individual conclusions, explanations, and decisions.
This relationship (the two above statements) are cyclical. They depend on each other.
This is the best way I believe to understand things.
Just because I have my own answers does not mean I cannot learn more or even change the way I view things. It would also be an injustice if I do not share these things when asked. This is how I grow.